Question 1

A 13-year-old adolescent boy with type 1 diabetes has a serum glucose concentration is 540 mg/dL. Several hours following IV administration of insulin, his serum glucose concentration decreases to 200 mg/dL. Which of the following mechanisms best explains the effect of the insulin signaling pathway on the GLUT4 transporter in this decrease resulting in the reduced serum glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)   it activates GLUT4 by a cAMP-dependent mechanism
B)   it increases GLUT4 mRNA
C)   it increase the KM of GLUT4 for glucose
D)   it induces a conformational change in GLUT4
E)   it promotes GLUT4 mobilization to the plasma membraneF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Which of the following activities, relating to glucose homeostasis, is directly attributable to the actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased fatty acid release from adipose tissue
B)   decreased glucagon release from the pancreas
C)   increased transit of carbohydrates through the intestines
D)   stimulated degradation of hepatic glycogen stores
E)   unmasking of GLUT4 transporters in skeletal muscleF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following metabolic processes is promoted by insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)   catabolism of muscle protein
B)   fatty acid oxidation
C)   gluconeogenesis
D)   glycogenesis
E)   lipolysisF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Type 1 diabetics frequently experience ketoacidosis. Administration of insulin decreases the serum concentration of ketone bodies in these patients via which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   decreasing formation of ketone bodies in skeletal muscle
B)   decreasing lipolysis in adipose tissue
C)   increasing hepatic activity of carnitine acyltransferase
D)   increasing hepatic levels of acetyl-CoA
E)   increasing hepatic oxidation of ketone bodiesF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

A 14-year-old adolescent girl with a 2-year history of type 1 diabetes is brought to the ER 1 hour after awakening from sleep at 2:30 am in a cold sweat, tremulous and confused. She normally selfadministers 4 injections of insulin daily, and the last injection was administered before she went to bed. Measurement of her blood glucose concentration indicates it is 40 mg/dL. Following an injection of glucagon, her serum glucose concentration increases to 175 mg/dL, and she shows clinical improvement. The beneficial effect of glucagon in this patient results from which of the following actions of this hormone in the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)   adenylate cyclase stimulation
B)   guanylate cyclase stimulation
C)   intranuclear binding of hormone receptor to DNA
D)   serine/threonine kinase activation
E)   tyrosine kinase activationF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Exam 46: Insulin Function

Type 1 diabetics frequently experience ketoacidosis. Administration of insulin decreases the serum concentration of ketone bodies in these patients via which of the following mechanisms?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which of the following metabolic processes is promoted by insulin?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which of the following activities, relating to glucose homeostasis, is directly attributable to the actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 46: Insulin Function

Type 1 diabetics frequently experience ketoacidosis. Administration of insulin decreases the serum concentration of ketone bodies in these patients via which of the following mechanisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following metabolic processes is promoted by insulin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following activities, relating to glucose homeostasis, is directly attributable to the actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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